Biodegradable Patches: A Review of Their Applications, Materials, and Advances

Abstract

Biodegradable patches are revolutionizing the field of medicine by offering significant advantages for targeted drug delivery, promoting wound healing, and facilitating tissue regeneration. These patches consist of non-toxic and environmentally friendly materials that naturally decompose within the body. This indicates that they won't require surgical extraction and could result in fewer adverse effects. Various natural and synthetic materials, such as chitosan, gelatin, PLGA, and PCL, have been utilized in the development of these products. Each material has its own set of physical and chemical characteristics that make it ideal for certain medical purposes. Recent progress in nanotechnology and the study of plastics has resulted in the development of patches that are more durable, deliver medication in a regulated manner, and adhere more effectively to the skin. New developments include intelligent patches capable of dissolving inside the body. These patches can respond to variations in factors such as pH levels, temperature, or enzyme activity, enabling more precise medication delivery. Their significance in regenerative medicine, particularly for repairing skin, heart, and nerve tissues, illustrates their adaptability and value in customized therapies. It is essential to tackle problems related to technology expansion, securing regulatory permissions, and maintaining safety over time in order to support increased usage in the healthcare sector. This review intends to provide a thorough examination of the materials utilized in the creation of biodegradable patches, their production methods, and their various applications in the medical field. It also covers the progress made in biodegradable patch technology and its implications for upcoming treatment options.